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The occurrence of cuspidine, foshagite and hillebrandite in calc-silicate xenoliths from the Bushveld Complex, South Africa.

Department of Earth Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Vic. 3086, Australia.

Roger Gibson

Department of Geology, University of the Witwatersrand, WITS 2050, Johannesburg, South Africa.

Thomas Wallmach

P.O. Box 521, Newlands, 0049, South Africa.

Jorg Metz

Department of Earth Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Vic. 3086, Australia.

The rare calc-silicate minerals cuspidine, foshagite and hillebrandite occur as late phases in calcsilicate xenoliths from the Rustenburg Layered Suite of the Bushveld Complex. These minerals occur in narrow veins or as replacements, particularly after melilite (cuspidine and hillebrandite) or vesuvianite (foshagite). Cuspidine formed early during cooling, possibly under low-XH₂O conditions. In contrast, foshagite and hillebrandite formed late in the cooling history, after the infiltration of H₂O-rich fluids that led to the development of locally pervasive vesuvianite.